Tuition Singapore Physics Tuition – Measurement Definitions

1. A physical quantity consists of a numerical magnitude and a unit.
2. The common base quantities are length, time, mass, temperature, electric current and amount of substance. The SI units of the base quantities are called SI base units.
3. The common prefixes include giga, mega, kilo, deci, centi, milli, micro and nano.
4. A scalar quantity has magnitude only, while a vector quantity has both magnitude and direction.
5. Using vernier calipers:

           Measured reading = reading on main scale + reading on vernier scale

6. Using micrometer screw gauge:

           Measured reading = reading on main scale + reading on thimble scale

7. To avoid parallax error, readings must be taken with the eye directly above the markings.
8. For instruments with zero error:

           Corrected reading = measured reading — zero error

     9. The period of a simple pendulum is the time taken to complete one full oscillation

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